panic disorders, muscle spasms
What research suggests:
A 2025 meta-analysis found these drugs were associated with a 15% increased risk of dementia and 21% increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease, especially with long-term use.
What to do:
Short-term use is generally lower risk. If used long-term, ask your doctor about tapering or alternatives like cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT).
2. Anticholinergic Drugs (High Concern)
Used for: Overactive bladder, allergies, depression, Parkinson’s, COPD
What research suggests:
Risk increases with duration of use:
- 1–89 days: +10% risk
- 1–3 years: +49% risk
- 3+ years: +66%
